Different expression localization of β-catenin and its correlation with clinical pathological parameters in gastric cancer / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To identify the significance of different expression localization of β-catenin and its correlation with clinical pathological parameters in gastric cancer (GC) . Methods The expression of β-catenin proteins in 120 gastric cancer and 50 normal gastric mucosa samples was detected by SP immunohistochemistry. Results The positive expression of β-catenin was localized to membrane with positive rate 100. 00％ in normal gastric mucosa. Lack of β-catenin membrane expression and ectopic expression in cytoplasm,nuclei,or cytoplasm/nuclei were found in GC tissue and the abnormal expression rate was as high as 81. 67％ (98/120) . The abnormal expression of β-catenin was significantly correlated with histological differentiation,lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage in GC (P < 0. 05) . The nuclear expression rate of β-catenin was 36. 67％ (44/120) ,and the positive nuclear expression was significantly correlated with TNM stage in GC (P < 0. 05) . The 5-year overall survival rate of β-catenin nuclear positive patients was significantly lower than that of nuclear negative ones (P < 0. 05) . Conclusion β-catenin plays a significant role in gastric cancer carcinogenesis,and its different expression localization is related to the progress of GC. β-catenin is expected to be a potential target for diagnosis and treatment of GC.

Mobilization and collection of autologous peripheral blood stem cells by CIE or IEV protocol in children with malignant solid tumors / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) is an important method for treatment of malignant solid tumors in children. The mobilization and collection of blood stem cells is crucial for APBSCT. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of mobilization and collection of blood stem cells by CIE or IEV chemotherapy protocol in APBSCT in children with neuroblastoma (NB) or rhabdomyosarcoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The protocols of CIE (cisplatin, etoposide) and IEV (vincristine, dosfamide, etoposide) were used as mobilization chemotherapy in 8 cases of NB with stage IV and 3 cases of rhabdomysacoma with stage III, respectively. The results of the mobilization of blood stem cells were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 11 cases, mononuclear cells (MNC) and CD34+ cells were successfully collected and the volume of MNC and CD34 averaged (5.55 ± 1.43)× 10(8)/kg and (4.88 ± 2.48) × 10(6)/kg, respectively. No severe complications were observed during the mobilization and collection. A rapid hemopoietic reconstitution was observed in 10 children after APBSCT. One with NB out of the 10 children died of left heart failure 32 days after APBSCT. Others (9 cases) showed a nearly normal result of routine peripheral blood test 60 days after APBSCT.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CIE or IEV protocol is effective and safe for the mobilization and collection of peripheral blood stem cells in children with NB or rhabdomysacoma.</p>

ATP-Sensitive potassium channel function during the progression of pressure overload heart failure in rats / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate K(ATP) channel function of cardiomyocytes isolated from the left ventricular wall of rats with or without abdominal aortic constriction at different time points under normal or simulated ischemic conditions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups (n = 10 - 13): 4-week sham-operated group (F4), 4-week aortic-banded group (T4), 12-week sham-operated group (F12), 12-week aortic-banded group (T12). Chronic pressure overload model was established by abdominal aortic constriction. Left ventricular myocytes were isolated by modified Langendorff perfusion method post in vivo hemodynamical measurements. The whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record transient outward current of K(ATP) channel on myocytes under normal and simulated ischemic perfusion conditions. The current densities of K(ATP) channel between F4 and T4 group, F12 and T12 group were compared under 0 mV of test potential.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SBP, DBP and MBP were significantly increased in T4 group compared to F4 group, but were similar between T12 and F12 groups. LVEDP and +/- dp/dtmax were similar between T4 and F4 groups and LVEDP was significantly increased while +/- dp/dtmax significantly reduced in T12 group than that in F12 group. Whole-cell membrane current densities were similar between F4 and T4 group or F12 and T12 group under normoxic condition, the K(ATP) current densities increased dramatically in T12 group [(28.11 +/- 3.91) pA/pF vs (11.55 +/- 1.17) pA/pF, P < 0.01], but not in T4 group [(14.09 +/- 5.74) pA/pF vs (11.74 +/- 3.68) pA/pF, P > 0.05] in myocytes exposed to ischemic solution for 25 minutes. The total number of K(ATP) channel in ventricular myocytes was similar between F4 and T4 group or F12 and T12 group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel was more sensitive to ischemia and the current magnitude was significantly increased at the stage of congestive heart failure. The functional change of K(ATP) channel occurred before the increase of total number of K(ATP) channel.</p>

Expression of odorant receptor genes on the olfactory epithelium following olfactory nerve disconnection / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To constitute the animal model of unilateral olfactory nerve transection and observe the expression level and distribution of odorant receptors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two rats were divided into two groups: the olfactory nerve transection group (20) and the control group (12). The former group received the operation to transect the left olfactory nerve following the left olfactory bulb was exposed under microscope and the latter group did not give any disposal. At every stage of five days, two weeks, four weeks and six weeks after the operation, five rats from the nerve transection group and three from the control group were anaesthetized simultaneously, and olfactory epithelium were taken out after transcardial perfusion, then paraffin imbedding. Coronal sections were sliced for HE staining to observe the thickness changes of the olfactory epithelium, and for in situ hybridization (ISHs) to investigate the expression of olfactory receptor genes (Olr287, Olr226, Olr1493 and Olr1654) in the epithelium, also to evaluate the changes of the expression level and location of the selected receptors during the regeneration of olfactory epithelium.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HE staining showed that 5 days after the operation cell quantity and thickness of the olfactory epithelium decreased obviously, which increased gradually 2 or 4 weeks after operation. After 6 weeks' recovery, the thickness of the epithelium could reach the control level. The pattern of cell staining by ISH showed a specific spatial distribution along the anteroposterior (AP) and dorsoventral (DV) axis. Evidence suggested that odorant receptors were distributed in continuous and multiple overlapping bands in the normal or nerve transected-recovered epithelium rather than in the conventionally accepted three or four zones. The data also demonstrated that the distribution of sensory neuron types, as identified and defined by odorant receptor expression, was restored to normal or nearly so by 6 weeks after operation. Likewise, the numbers of probe-labeled neurons in the nerve transected-recovered had an obvious decrease 5 days after olfactory nerve transection. Reactive cells (x(-) +/- s) of Olr1493 in the operated side was (53.9 +/- 19.9), compared with (419.0 +/- 21.2) in the unoperated side, there was statistic significance between them (t = 63.960, P < 0.01). Reactive cells increased gradually according to the regeneration of the epithelium, and were nearly equivalent to the normal side 6 weeks later without significant differentiation (t = 2.600, P > 0.05), according to the absolute positive cells in the operated and unoperated side of (417.8 +/- 32.4) and (445.3 +/- 10.0) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The regeneration of the sensory neurons and receptors, both the number and the distribution, can recover to normal after olfactory nerve transection.</p>

Reversal effect of sodium selenite on multidrug resistance in K562/ADR cell line and its mechanisms / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the reversal effect of sodium selenite on multidrug resistance in adriamycin-resistant leukemic cell line K562/ADR and its mechanisms. The cytotoxicity and the reversal effect of sodium selenite on K562/ADR cells were assayed by MTT method; the apoptosis rate of K562 and K562/ADR cells were detected by flow cytometery, the mRNA expressions of mdr1 and bcl-2 were measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that 10 micromol/L sodium selenite significantly increased the cytotoxicity of adriamycin to K562/ADR cell and the reverse index (RI) was 2.31; the early apoptosis rate of K562 cells was elevated after treatment with 5 micromol/L Na(2)SeO(3) for 48 hours; and the medium-term and late apoptosis rate was elevated after treatment with both 5 and 10 micromol/L Na(2)SeO(3) for 48 and 72 hours. Both doses of 5 and 10 micromol/L Na(2)SeO(3) increased the early apoptosis rate of K562/ADR at 48 hours, and also increased the medium-term and late apoptosis rate after treating for 48 and 72 hours. The apoptosis rate was higher at dose of 10 micromol/L than that at 5 micromol/L, the apoptosis rate at 72 hours also was higher than that at 48 hours. The expressions of mdr1 mRNA and bcl-2 mRNA were decreased significantly by 10 micromol/L sodium selenite. It is concluded that sodium selenite can reverse the multidrug resistance in K562/ADR partially by down-regulating the expressions of mdr1 mRNA and bcl-2 mRNA, and increasing apoptosis rate of K562/ADR cells.

Clinical features of primary ciliary dyskinesia / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three cases of PCD received endoscopic sinus surgery and were followed up for life quality and recovery. Among these 3 cases, two were twin brothers and the other girl was twin born with a healthy brother. The mucosa of inferior turbinate was extracted prior to the operation without narcotic and decongestant. The ultrastructure of mucosal cilia was detected with electron microscope. Nine exons of gene DNAH5 and chromosome in one case and her fraternal twin were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nasal and sinus CT imaging of the 3 cases showed chronic pansinusitis (1 case accompanied with situs inversus according with the diagnosis of Kartagener syndrome). The nasal polyp was resected, and the sinuses were opened. The twin brothers received the adenoidectomy. All patients felt nasal ventilation improved while the surgical field still covered with thick discharges during follow-up for 2 - 4 years. Ciliary ultrastructures of the three cases showed lateral dynein absent, the sequence of 9 exons of DNAH5 and chromosome presented no change in the fraternal twins.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Surgery could improve the symptoms of sinusitis in PCD. Change of ciliary ultrastructure was an important indication of its pathological changes and molecular biology evaluation needs further study.</p>